Municipal solid waste has been considered as one of the most immediate and serious problems confronting urban government in most developing and transitional economies. Providing solid waste performance highly depends on the effectiveness of waste collection and transportation process. Generally, this process involves a large amount of expenditures and has very complex and dynamic operational problems. Source separation has a major impact on effectiveness of waste management system as it causes significant changes in quantity and quality of waste reaching final disposal. Waste separation is considered as human attitudinal ambivalence on MSWM. It is subjective expressing by evaluation of a specific entity with different degree of favor or disfavor. Factors that affect human attitudes are habit, attitudes toward target, punishment or reward, social norms, and self-identified outcomes. Perception of waste separation is influenced by many factors, among many of them, incentive based (i.e. cash, vouchers, discount coupons, and goods) and knowledge based (i.e. types of recyclables, importance of effective MSWM system, public benefits, and environmental education) factors are the potential ones.
